The following are the codes that can be used to search additional Patent Office database fields using the
advanced search boxes above. Many of the field codes below include specific examples for how to use them, but
the general rule for each code is to follow the code with a forward slash / and then the search term.
If more than one term is used, you need to include the terms in parentheses and include a boolean operator,
like "and" or "or". For example, "ref/(5763831 or 6833345)". Multiple field codes can also be used in a
search string by including a boolean operator between them. For example, "ref/5763831 and in/shotey".
| * Hover over code abbreviation for example |
| Patent Search Only |
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PN
PN
A patent number is the unique number assigned to applications that have issued as patents.
The patent numbers for each particular type of patent vary by type and begin with "D" for
design patents, "PP" for plant patents, "RE" for reissue patents, "T" for defensive publications,
"H" for Statutory Invention Registrations, "X" for patents granted between 1790-1835, and
"AI" for Additional Improvement patents.
PN/6543210 or PN/(6543210 or 6543211)
PN/65432$ or PN/65432?? to truncate
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Patent Number |
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ISD
ISD
Patent Issue Date field. Patents currently issue on Tuesdays.
ISD/12/12/2006
ISD/12/1/2006->12/31/2006 for date range
ISD/12/$/2006 to truncate
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Issue Date |
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LREP
LREP
The Legal Representative is the patent attorney or patent agent or law firm
listed on the face of the patent as the representative when the patent issued.
LREP/(Smith-Samuel-C) or LREP/(Smith-Samue$)
LREP/(Booth and Udall)
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Attorney or Agent |
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EXP
EXP
The Primary Examiner is the patent examiner primarily responsible for examining the patent
application that resulted in the issued patent.
EXP/(Smith-John)
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Primary Examiner |
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EXA
EXA
The Assistant Examiner is the patent examiner assisting the Primary Examiner in
examining the patent application that resulted in the issued patent.
EXA/(Smith-John)
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Assistant Examiner |
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FREF
FREF
Foreign patents cited as references in an issued US patent.
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Foreign References |
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OREF
OREF
Other prior art references cited in an issued US patent such as books, articles, journals,
conference proceedings and other miscellaneous publications.
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Other References |
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PARN
PARN
Prior applications relating to the issued patent that appears in the specification
of the patent.
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Parent Case Information |
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REF
REF
Patents referencing a particular issued US patent.
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Referenced By |
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REIS
REIS
Field includes data describing the reissue of a previously issued US patent, including Application Number,
Application Filing Date, Patent Number, Issue Date.
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Reissue Data |
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| Publication Search Only |
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DN
DN
A publication document number is the unique number assigned to applications that have
been officially published before being granted a patent.
DN/20040123456 or DN/(20040123456 or 20040123455)
DN/2004$ or DN/200401234?? to truncate
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Document Number |
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PD
PD
Publication Date field. Publications are currently published on Thursdays.
ISD/12/12/2006
ISD/12/1/2006->12/31/2006 for date range
ISD/12/$/2006 to truncate
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Publication Date |
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KD
KD
Kind code is a document code describing the stage of publication. The code "A” is the
1st publication usually a published application. The code "B1” is a patent (grant)
that did not have a corresponding pre grant publication. The code "B2” is a grant
that does have a corresponding pre grant publication associated with it.
KD/B2 or KD/(A or B1)
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Pre-Grant Publication Kind Code |
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| Both Patent and Publication Searches |
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TTL
TTL
Title generally relates to the subject of the reference.
TTL/balloon or TTL/(balloon and red)
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Title |
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IN
IN
For complete names, use the following formats:
IN/Smith or IN/(Smith-Samuel-C)
IN/(Smith and Samuel)
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Inventor Name |
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ABST
ABST
Abstract often contains many of the important words from the reference.
ABST/balloon or ABST/(balloon and red)
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Abstract |
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IC
IC
City listed in the inventor’s home address.
IC/(New and York) or IC/((New and York) or Washington)
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Inventor City |
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ACLM
ACLM
The claims point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the applicant
regards as the invention to define the scope of the patent protection.
ACLM/plug or ACLM/(electrical and box)
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Claim(s) |
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IS
IS
State listed in the inventor’s home address.
IC/(New and York) or IC/((New and York) or Washington)
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Inventor State |
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SPEC
SPEC
Patent description, including a brief summary and background of the invention, the
detailed description, and a brief description of the drawing, if applicable.
SPEC/plug or SPEC/(electrical and box)
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Description/Specification |
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ICN
ICN
Country listed as the inventor’s nationality.
ICN/(United and States) or ICN/((United and States) or Japan)
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Inventor Country |
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CCL
CCL
Each patent is classified into one or more US classification categories and
sub-categories based upon the type of technology being claimed. This field contains
the original and cross-reference classes in which the patent was classified at the
time of the most recent PTO Master Classification File. Search using the following
format: CCL/class/subclass.
CCL/427/2.31 or CCL/2/5
CCL/427/$ to truncate a particular class
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Current US Classification |
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AN
AN
The Assignee is the owner of the reference listed on the face of the reference.
AN/Smith or AN/(Smith-John)
AN/(ABC and Company)
AN/(ABC and Corp$) – at least 4 letters before $ to truncate
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Assignee Name |
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ICL
ICL
Each patent is classified into one or more international classification categories
and sub-categories based upon the type of technology being claimed. Search using the
following format: CCL/class/subclass. If the international class reference includes
a space, replace the space with a 0. The example below is for International
Classification G06F 19/00.
ICL/G06F019/00
ICL/ G06F019/$ to truncate a particular class
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International Classification |
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AC
AC
City listed in the assignee’s address on the patent.
AC/(New and York) or AC/((New and York) or Phoenix)
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Assignee City |
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APN
APN
An Application Serial Number is assigned to every application that receives a filing date.
The serial number is a six digit string with leading zeros (if needed). The series code
is not part of the Application Serial Number. Thus, multiple duplicate serial numbers
exist from different application number series. The series codes are shown below.
APN/034561
APN/034$ to truncate
Series Codes:
2 1947 and earlier
3 1948-1959
4 1960-1969
5 1970-1978
6 1979-1986
7 1987-1992
8 1993-1997
9 1998- Dec. 2001
10 Dec. 2001-Dec. 2004
11 Dec. 2004 – present
29 Design applications since 1993
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Application Serial Number |
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AS
AS
State listed in the assignee’s address on the patent.
AS/(New and York) or AS/((New and York) or Washington)
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Assignee State |
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APD
APD
Date the application is filed.
APD/12/12/2006
APD/12/1/2006->12/31/2006 for date range
APD/12/$/2006 to truncate
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Application Date |
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ACN
ACN
Country listed in the assignee’s address on the patent.
ACN/(United and States) or ACN/((United and States) or Japan)
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Assignee Country |
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RLAP
RLAP
Prior applications directly related to the reference such as by provisional,
continuation, divisional or continuation-in-part.
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Related US App. Data |
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GOVT
GOVT
Indicates the nature of the US Government's Interest in the reference.
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Government Interest |
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PRIR
PRIR
Indicates in which foreign country an reference claims priority.
PRIR/Japan
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Foreign Priority |
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APT
APT
Single-digit number field that indicates what type of reference it is. The field reference list is included below.
APT/4
Field Codes:
1 Utility
2 Reissue
4 Design
5 Defensive Publication
6 Plant
7 Statutory Invention Registration
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Application Type |
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PCT
PCT
Field includes data describing the PCT Information related to the reference, including PCT Number,
PCT 371 Date, PCT 102(e) Date, PCT Filing Date, PCT Publication Number, and PCT Publication Date.
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PCT Information |
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