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PNA patent number is the unique number assigned to applications that have issued as patents. The patent numbers for each particular type of patent vary by type and begin with “D” for design patents, “PP” for plant patents, “RE” for reissue patents, “T” for defensive publications, “H” for Statutory Invention Registrations, “X” for patents granted between 1790-1835, and “AI” for Additional Improvement patents. PN/6543210 or PN/(6543210 or 6543211) PN/65432$ or PN/65432?? to truncate	Patent Number	DNA publication document number is the unique number assigned to applications that have been officially published before being granted a patent. DN/20040123456 or DN/(20040123456 or 20040123455) DN/2004$ or DN/200401234?? to truncate	Document Number
ISDPatent Issue Date field. Patents currently issue on Tuesdays. ISD/12/12/2006 ISD/12/1/2006->12/31/2006 for date range ISD/12/$/2006 to truncate	Issue Date	PDPublication Date field. Publications are currently published on Thursdays. ISD/12/12/2006 ISD/12/1/2006->12/31/2006 for date range ISD/12/$/2006 to truncate	Publication Date
LREPThe Legal Representative is the patent attorney or patent agent or law firm listed on the face of the patent as the representative when the patent issued. LREP/”Smith Samuel C” or LREP/”Smith Samuel” LREP/(Booth and Udall)	Attorney or Agent	KDKind code is a document code describing the stage of publication. The code “A” is the 1st publication usually a published application. The code “B1” is a patent (grant) that did not have a corresponding pre grant publication. The code “B2” is a grant that does have a corresponding pre grant publication associated with it. KD/B2 or KD/(A or B1)	Pre-Grant Publication Kind Code
EXPThe Primary Examiner is the patent examiner primarily responsible for examining the patent application that resulted in the issued patent. EXP/”Smith John”	Primary Examiner
EXAThe Assistant Examiner is the patent examiner assisting the Primary Examiner in examining the patent application that resulted in the issued patent. EXA/”Smith John”	Assistant Examiner
FREFForeign patents cited as references in an issued US patent.	Foreign References
OREFOther prior art references cited in an issued US patent such as books, articles, journals, conference proceedings and other miscellaneous publications.	Other References
PARNPrior applications relating to the issued patent that appears in the specification of the patent.	Parent Case Information
REFPatents referencing a particular issued US patent.	Referenced By
REISField includes data describing the reissue of a previously issued US patent, including Application Number, Application Filing Date, Patent Number, Issue Date.	Reissue Data

Both Patent and Publication Searches
TTLTitle generally relates to the subject of the reference. TTL/balloon or TTL/(balloon and red)	Title	INFor complete names, use the following formats: IN/Smith or IN/”Smith Samuel C” IN/(Smith and Samuel)	Inventor Name
ABSTAbstract often contains many of the important words from the reference. ABST/balloon or ABST/(balloon and red)	Abstract	ICCity listed in the inventor’s home address. IC/“New York” or IC/(“New York” or Washington)	Inventor City
ACLMThe claims point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the applicant regards as the invention to define the scope of the patent protection. ACLM/plug or ACLM/(electrical and box)	Claim(s)	ISState listed in the inventor’s home address. IS/“New York” or IS(“New York” or Washington)	Inventor State
SPECPatent description, including a brief summary and background of the invention, the detailed description, and a brief description of the drawing, if applicable. SPEC/plug or SPEC/(electrical and box)	Description/Specification	ICNCountry listed as the inventor’s nationality. ICN/“United States” or ICN/(“United States” or “Japan”)	Inventor Country
CCLEach patent is classified into one or more US classification categories and sub-categories based upon the type of technology being claimed. This field contains the original and cross-reference classes in which the patent was classified at the time of the most recent PTO Master Classification File. Search using the following format: CCL/class/subclass. CCL/427/2.31 or CCL/2/5 CCL/427/$ to truncate a particular class	Current US Classification	ANThe Assignee is the owner of the reference listed on the face of the reference. AN/Smith or AN/“Smith John” AN/”ABC Company” or AN/(ABC and Company) AN/”ABC C$” to truncate	Assignee Name
ICLEach patent is classified into one or more international classification categories and sub-categories based upon the type of technology being claimed. Search using the following format: CCL/class/subclass. If the international class reference includes a space, replace the space with a 0. The example below is for International Classification G06F 19/00. ICL/G06F019/00 ICL/ G06F019/$ to truncate a particular class	International Classification	ACCity listed in the assignee’s address on the patent. AC/“New York” orAC/(“New York” or Buffalo)	Assignee City
APNAn Application Serial Number is assigned to every application that receives a filing date. The serial number is a six digit string with leading zeros (if needed). The series code is not part of the Application Serial Number. Thus, multiple duplicate serial numbers exist from different application number series. The series codes are shown below. APN/034561 APN/034$ to truncate Series Codes: 2 1947 and earlier 3 1948-1959 4 1960-1969 5 1970-1978 6 1979-1986 7 1987-1992 8 1993-1997 9 1998- Dec. 2001 10 Dec. 2001-Dec. 2004 11 Dec. 2004 – present 29 Design applications since 1993	Application Serial Number	ASState listed in the assignee’s address on the patent. AS/“New York” or AS/(“New York” or Washington)	Assignee State
APDDate the application is filed. APD/12/12/2006 APD/12/1/2006->12/31/2006 for date range APD/12/$/2006 to truncate	Application Date	ACNCountry listed in the assignee’s address on the patent. ACN/“United States” or ACN/(“United States” or Japan)	Assignee Country
RLAPPrior applications directly related to the reference such as by provisional, continuation, divisional or continuation-in-part.	Related US App. Data	GOVTIndicates the nature of the US Government's Interest in the reference.	Government Interest
PRIRIndicates in which foreign country an reference claims priority. PRIR/Japan	Foreign Priority	APTSingle-digit number field that indicates what type of reference it is. The field reference list is included below. APT/4 Field Codes: 1 Utility 2 Reissue 4 Design 5 Defensive Publication 6 Plant 7 Statutory Invention Registration	Application Type
PCTField includes data describing the PCT Information related to the reference, including PCT Number, PCT 371 Date, PCT 102(e) Date, PCT Filing Date, PCT Publication Number, and PCT Publication Date.	PCT Information

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